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双相钢 · 焊接 · 热输入 · 铁素体

双相钢焊接要点:热输入、层间温度与铁素体比例

双相钢焊接的关键是控制热输入与冷却速度,保持铁素体/奥氏体比例。热输入过高或过低都会带来腐蚀与韧性风险。
双相不锈钢焊接比奥氏体更敏感,核心目标是把焊缝与热影响区的铁素体/奥氏体比例控制在合理范围(通常铁素体 35%–65%)。
关键控制点:
1) 热输入:一般建议 0.5–2.5 kJ/mm(按板厚与工艺评定),过高会导致晶粒粗大与氮化物析出,过低则奥氏体不足、耐蚀下降; 2) 层间温度:通常控制在 150°C 以下,避免过热; 3) 保护气体:多用 Ar + N₂ 混合气或含氮背保护气,帮助奥氏体形成; 4) 焊材:选用匹配的双相焊材(如 ER2209),避免用 316L 焊材; 5) 焊后:一般不需固溶,但需酸洗钝化恢复表面耐蚀; 6) 检验:铁素体含量测定(磁性法/金相)、点蚀与弯曲试验按规范。
采购与施工建议:要求供方提供 WPS/PQR 与铁素体检测报告;现场控制热输入与道间温度,避免为赶工而连续快速焊接。
Compiled by SteelWe editors and industry experts. For industry exchange only; not trading or investment advice. Cite the source when quoting.
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