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低温 · LNG · 304L · 316L · 冲击韧性

低温环境用不锈钢:LNG 与深冷工况怎么选

深冷(-100°C 以下)优先奥氏体 304L/316L,避免铁素体与马氏体;低温韧性、焊接与冲击试验是关键。
LNG、空分与深冷设备对材料低温韧性要求高:
1) 牌号:304L/316L 奥氏体钢在深冷(-162°C LNG、-196°C 液氮)仍保持良好韧性,是常用选择;铁素体/马氏体在低温易脆断,不适合; 2) 冲击试验:按标准做低温夏比冲击(如 -196°C),确保韧性指标; 3) 焊接:控制热输入与层间温度,焊材匹配(如 308L/316L),焊后按规范检验; 4) 设计:避免应力集中与冷脆敏感结构; 5) 应用:LNG 储罐内罐、深冷管道、空分设备。
采购提醒:要求低温冲击试验报告、材料证书与焊接工艺评定;运输与安装避免机械损伤。
注意:"不锈钢"不等于"耐低温",必须看牌号与冲击试验数据。
Compiled by SteelWe editors and industry experts. For industry exchange only; not trading or investment advice. Cite the source when quoting.
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